HarmonicAdditiveSynthesis1.csd Written by Iain McCurdy, 2006 -odac -M0 -+rtmidi=virtual -dm0 ;DISABLE VIRTUAL MIDI FOR EXTERNAL MIDI CONTROL sr = 44100 ;SAMPLE RATE ksmps = 32 ;NUMBER OF AUDIO SAMPLES IN EACH CONTROL CYCLE nchnls = 2 ;NUMBER OF CHANNELS (2=STEREO) 0dbfs = 1 ;MAXIMUM SOUND INTENSITY LEVEL ;FLTK INTERFACE CODE;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; FLcolor 255, 255, 255, 0, 0, 0 ; LABEL | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y FLpanel "Additive Synthesis 1", 500, 500, 0, 0 ;SWITCHES ON | OFF | TYPE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y | OPCODE | INS | STARTTIM | DUR p4 p5 p6 p7 p8 p9 p10 p11 p12 p13 p14 p15 p16 p17 p18 p19 p20 p21 p22 p23 p24 p25 p26 p27 p28 p29 p30 p31 p32 p33 gkFLTK_MIDI,ihFLTK_MIDI FLbutton "ON (FLTK) / OFF (MIDI)", 1, 0, 22, 180, 25, 5, 5, 0, 1, 0, 3600 FLsetColor2 255, 255, 50, ihFLTK_MIDI ;SET SECONDARY COLOUR TO YELLOW gkReset,ihReset FLbutton "Reset", 1, 0, 21, 80, 22, 415, 420, 0, 4, 0, 0.01 ;VALUE_DISPLAY_BOXES WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y idfund FLvalue " ", 50, 18, 5, 320 idamp FLvalue " ", 50, 18, 5, 370 idwarp FLvalue " ", 50, 18, 5, 420 idrnd FLvalue " ", 50, 18, 5, 470 ;SLIDERS MIN | MAX | EXP | TYPE | DISP | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y gkPartAmp1, ihPartAmp1 FLslider "1", 0, 1, 0, 24, -1, 25, 245, 120, 35 gkPartAmp2, ihPartAmp2 FLslider "2", 0, 1, 0, 24, -1, 25, 245, 145, 35 gkPartAmp3, ihPartAmp3 FLslider "3", 0, 1, 0, 24, -1, 25, 245, 170, 35 gkPartAmp4, ihPartAmp4 FLslider "4", 0, 1, 0, 24, -1, 25, 245, 195, 35 gkPartAmp5, ihPartAmp5 FLslider "5", 0, 1, 0, 24, -1, 25, 245, 220, 35 gkPartAmp6, ihPartAmp6 FLslider "6", 0, 1, 0, 24, -1, 25, 245, 245, 35 gkPartAmp7, ihPartAmp7 FLslider "7", 0, 1, 0, 24, -1, 25, 245, 270, 35 gkPartAmp8, ihPartAmp8 FLslider "8", 0, 1, 0, 24, -1, 25, 245, 295, 35 gkPartAmp9, ihPartAmp9 FLslider "9", 0, 1, 0, 24, -1, 25, 245, 320, 35 gkPartAmp10,ihPartAmp10 FLslider "10", 0, 1, 0, 24, -1, 25, 245, 345, 35 gkfund, ihfund FLslider "Fundemental (Hertz)", 20, 10000,-1, 23, idfund, 490, 20, 5, 300 gkamp, ihamp FLslider "Global Amplitude", 0, 1, 0, 23, idamp, 490, 20, 5, 350 gkwarp, gihwarp FLslider "Warp Partial Spacings", 0, 2, 0, 23, idwarp, 490, 20, 5, 400 gkrnd, ihrnd FLslider "Partial Spacings Random Factor", 0, 1, 0, 23, idrnd, 490, 20, 5, 450 ;TEXT BOXES TYPE | FONT | SIZE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y ih FLbox "Partial Strength:", 1, 9, 12, 90, 10, 25, 281 ;SET_INITIAL_VALUES VALUE | HANDLE FLsetVal_i 1-.55, ihPartAmp1 FLsetVal_i 1-.55, ihPartAmp2 FLsetVal_i 1-.9, ihPartAmp3 FLsetVal_i 1-.45, ihPartAmp4 FLsetVal_i 1-.5, ihPartAmp5 FLsetVal_i 1-.5, ihPartAmp6 FLsetVal_i 1-.8, ihPartAmp7 FLsetVal_i 1-.3, ihPartAmp8 FLsetVal_i 1-.3, ihPartAmp9 FLsetVal_i 1-.3, ihPartAmp10 FLsetVal_i 440, ihfund FLsetVal_i 0.05, ihamp FLsetVal_i 1, gihwarp FLsetVal_i 0, ihrnd FLpanel_end ;END OF PANEL CONTENTS ;INSTRUCTIONS AND INFO PANEL FLpanel " ", 500, 560, 512, 0 ;TEXT BOXES TYPE | FONT | SIZE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y ih FLbox " Additive Synthesis 1 - 10 Harmonics ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 0 ih FLbox "-------------------------------------------------------------", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 20 ih FLbox "Additive synthesis is the technique whereby sine waves of ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 40 ih FLbox "different frequencies are mixed and manipulated in such a way", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 60 ih FLbox "that they are perceived fused and seem to form a new, more ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 80 ih FLbox "complex tone. The inspiration for additive synthesis comes ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 100 ih FLbox "from Fourier theory that states that any sound can be ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 120 ih FLbox "replicated as a composite of sine waves of various ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 140 ih FLbox "frequencies and phases. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 160 ih FLbox "In harmonic additive synthesis the sequence of frequencies ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 180 ih FLbox "followed by the different sine wave oscillators follows that ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 200 ih FLbox "of the harmonic series in that each harmonic is a product of ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 220 ih FLbox "the fundemental. For example: if the fundemental of a ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 240 ih FLbox "harmonic tone is 100 Hz. then its 1st harmonic will be at ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 260 ih FLbox "200 Hz. its 2nd at 300 Hz and so on. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 280 ih FLbox "This example offers the user manipulation of the first 10 ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 300 ih FLbox "harmonics but to synthesize bright timbres rich in higher ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 320 ih FLbox "harmonics such as a violin this number will be insufficient. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 340 ih FLbox "The next example which utilises more partials, demonstrates ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 360 ih FLbox "ways in which the fusion of partials can be enhanced but also", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 380 ih FLbox "draws attention to the shortcomings of additive synthesis. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 400 ih FLbox "Note that the fundemental can also be referred to as the 1st ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 420 ih FLbox "partial, the 1 harmonic as the 2nd partial and so on. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 440 ih FLbox "Partial spacings can be modified in two ways. 'Warp Partial ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 460 ih FLbox "Spacings' compresses or expands partials spacings depending ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 480 ih FLbox "upon whether its value is less than or greater than 1. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 500 ih FLbox "'Partial Spacings Random Factor' multiplies a unique random ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 520 ih FLbox "value to each partial frequency. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 540 FLpanel_end FLrun ;RUN THE FLTK WIDGET THREAD ;END OF FLTK INTERFACE CODE;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; gisine ftgen 0, 0, 4096, 10, 1 ;A SINE WAVE instr 2 ;PARTIAL SPACINGS RANDOM FACTORS (ALWAYS ON) irnd1 gauss 1 ;RANDOM FACTORS irnd2 gauss 1 ;RANDOM FACTORS irnd3 gauss 1 ;RANDOM FACTORS irnd4 gauss 1 ;RANDOM FACTORS irnd5 gauss 1 ;RANDOM FACTORS irnd6 gauss 1 ;RANDOM FACTORS irnd7 gauss 1 ;RANDOM FACTORS irnd8 gauss 1 ;RANDOM FACTORS irnd9 gauss 1 ;RANDOM FACTORS irnd10 gauss 1 ;RANDOM FACTORS gkrnd1 = 1+(irnd1*gkrnd) gkrnd2 = 1+(irnd2*gkrnd) gkrnd3 = 1+(irnd3*gkrnd) gkrnd4 = 1+(irnd4*gkrnd) gkrnd5 = 1+(irnd5*gkrnd) gkrnd6 = 1+(irnd6*gkrnd) gkrnd7 = 1+(irnd7*gkrnd) gkrnd8 = 1+(irnd8*gkrnd) gkrnd9 = 1+(irnd9*gkrnd) gkrnd10 = 1+(irnd10*gkrnd) endin instr 1 ;SYNTHESIS INSTRUMENT (FLTK AND MIDI) kporttime linseg 0,0.01,0.05 ;PORTAMENTO TIME RAMPS UP QUICKLY FROM ZERO iMIDIActiveValue = 1 ;IF MIDI ACTIVATED iMIDIflag = 0 ;IF FLTK ACTIVATED mididefault iMIDIActiveValue, iMIDIflag ;IF NOTE IS MIDI ACTIVATED REPLACE iMIDIflag WITH iMIDIActiveValue icps cpsmidi ;READ MIDI PITCH VALUES - THIS VALUE CAN BE MAPPED TO GRAIN DENSITY AND/OR PITCH DEPENDING ON THE SETTING OF THE MIDI MAPPING SWITCHES ivel veloc 0,1 ;READ NOTE VELOCITY. WILL BE WITHIN THE RANGE 0 AND 1 kbend pchbend 0,2 ;PITCH BEND VARIABLE (IN oct FORMAT) if gkFLTK_MIDI==0&&iMIDIflag==0 then ;SENSE FLTK ON/OFF SWITCH & WHETHER THIS IS A MIDI NOTE ITS STATUS WILL BE IGNORED turnoff ;TURN OFF THIS INSTRUMENT IMMEDIATELY endif ;END OF THIS CONDITIONAL BRANCH if iMIDIflag==1 then ;IF THIS IS A MIDI ACTIVATED NOTE... kfund = icps*semitone(kbend) ;MAP MIDI NOTE VALUE TO WGUIDE1 FREQUENCY kamp = gkamp * ivel else ;OTHERWISE... kfund portk gkfund, kporttime ;SMOOTH VARIABLE CHANGES WITH PORTK kamp portk gkamp, kporttime ;APPLY PORTAMENTO SMOOTHING endif ;END OF THIS CONDITIONAL BRANCH ;SEPARATE OSCILLATORS CREATE EACH OF THE PARTIALS. EACH PARTIAL FOLLOWS THE HARMONIC SERIES ;OUTPUT OPCODE AMPLITUDE | FREQUENCY | FUNCTION_TABLE apart1 oscili kamp*(1-gkPartAmp1), kfund * gkrnd1, gisine ;FUNDEMENTAL apart2 oscili kamp*(1-gkPartAmp2), (kfund+(kfund*gkwarp)) * gkrnd2, gisine ;1ST HARMONIC apart3 oscili kamp*(1-gkPartAmp3), (kfund+(kfund*2*gkwarp)) * gkrnd3, gisine ;2ND HARMONIC apart4 oscili kamp*(1-gkPartAmp4), (kfund+(kfund*3*gkwarp)) * gkrnd4, gisine ;3RD HARMONIC apart5 oscili kamp*(1-gkPartAmp5), (kfund+(kfund*4*gkwarp)) * gkrnd5, gisine ;4TH HARMONIC apart6 oscili kamp*(1-gkPartAmp6), (kfund+(kfund*5*gkwarp)) * gkrnd6, gisine ;5TH HARMONIC apart7 oscili kamp*(1-gkPartAmp7), (kfund+(kfund*6*gkwarp)) * gkrnd7, gisine ;6TH HARMONIC apart8 oscili kamp*(1-gkPartAmp8), (kfund+(kfund*7*gkwarp)) * gkrnd8, gisine ;7TH HARMONIC apart9 oscili kamp*(1-gkPartAmp9), (kfund+(kfund*8*gkwarp)) * gkrnd9, gisine ;8TH HARMONIC apart10 oscili kamp*(1-gkPartAmp10), (kfund+(kfund*9*gkwarp)) * gkrnd10, gisine ;9TH HARMONIC ;SUM THE 10 OSCILLATORS: amix sum apart1,\ apart2,\ apart3,\ apart4,\ apart5,\ apart6,\ apart7,\ apart8,\ apart9,\ apart10 aenv linsegr 0,0.01,1,0.1,0 ;CREATE AN AMPLITUDE ENVELOPE WITH 'ANTI CLICK' ATTACK AND A RELEASE SEGMENT outs amix*aenv, amix*aenv ;SEND MIXED SIGNAL MULTIPLIED BY THE AMPLITUDE ENVELOPE TO THE OUTPUTS endin instr 4 ;SET WARP SLIDER TO '1' FLsetVal_i 1, gihwarp endin i 2 0 3600 ;PARTIAL SPACINGS RANDOM FACTORS INSTRUMENTS PLAYS A NOTE FOR 1 HOUR (AND KEEPS PERFORMANCE GOING)