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All examples are tested on Csound 5.07 on Mac OSX and Windows XP.
A minimum screen size of 1024 x 768 is recommended.
If you have problems running any of the examples please check the following:
Some examples require the use of a sound file or analysis file in addition to the Csound .csd file. Download the required files and place them in your defined SSDIR, SADIR or present working directory.
Some examples include the option of using a MIDI input and include the -M flag within the CsOptions part of the .csd. If your computer has no MIDI device the file will not run. Either delete the -M flag and lose the MIDI functionality of use the virtual MIDI device by including the flags -M0 -rtmidi=virtual.
If you are still not able to run examples please email me.

Csound version 5.08 seems to have some issues with the integration of FLTK. Program exiting is a little messy under 5.08 and Steven Yi's virtual keyboard doesn't seems to work. I would recommend sticking with 5.07 for the time being.

15th May, 2008. 35 new examples. Numerous bug fixes and updates.
24th May, 2008. Added RingModulationAmplitudeModulation.csd
31st May, 2008. Added FormantFilter.csd

The entire catalogue of 177 example .csd files can be downloaded here. Sound files, analysis files etc. can be downloaded as a single zip file at the bottom of this page.

Individual examples are as follows:

• 3D Audio
  
  • hrtfer.csd - Creates binaural 3D effects. Uses the HRTF data file ftp://ftp.cs.bath.ac.uk/pub/dream/utilities/Analysis/HRTFcompact and the sound file Bounce.wav.
• Additive Synthesis
  
  • HarmonicAdditiveSynthesis1.csd - Simple 10 harmonic additive synthesis.
  • HarmonicAdditiveSynthesis2.csd - 30 harmonic additive synthesis with additional features .
  • InharmonicAdditiveSynthesis.csd - 10 partial inharmonic additive synthesis with individual envelopes on each partial.
  • new! AdditiveSynthesisSpectralSketching.csd - An experimental method of sketching sound spectra on an XY panel.
• Delays - effects involving digital delays
  
  • 01delayw_delayr_deltap.csd - Demonstration of the delayw, delayr and deltap opcodes to create a simple delay. Uses the sound file 808loop.wav.
  • 02delayportamento.csd - The above example with portamento applied to the delay time parameter to create pitch bending effects. Uses the sound file 808loop.wav.
  • 03delayfeedback.csd - The above example with the addition of a feedback loop. Uses the sound file 808loop.wav.
  • 04delayfiltersinloop.csd - The above example with the addition of filters within the feedback loop. Uses the sound file 808loop.wav.
  • 05delayflanger.csd - Demonstration of how to create a flanger effect using a tapped delay with feedback and an LFO. Uses the sound file 808loop.wav.
  • 06delayThruZeroFlanger.csd - Demonstration of how to create a 'through zero' flanger effect. Uses the sound file 808loop.wav.
  • 07delayStereoChorus.csd - Demonstration of how to create a stereo chorus effect using modulated delays.
  • 08delaySimplePitchShifter.csd - Demonstration of how to create a simple pitch shifter effect using a modulated delay. Uses the sound file AndItsAll.wav.
  • 09delayCompletedPitchShifter.csd - A more refined pitch shifter effect using dual modulated delays. Uses the sound file AndItsAll.wav.
  • new! 10DelayDoppler.csd - A spinning doppler effect.
  • new! 11StereoPingPongDelay.csd - A stereo 'ping-pong' delay.
  • new! 12MultitapDelay.csd - A stereo multi-tap delay with four taps.
• Distortion Effects
  
  • distort1.csd - Demonstration of the distort1 opcode which applies modified hyperbolic tangent distortion to an audio signal. Uses the sound file 808loop.wav
  • fold.csd - Demonstration of the fold opcode which can be used to apply an artificial foldover (sample rate reduction) to an audio signal. Uses the sound files 808loopmono.wav and AndItsAll.wav
  • BitDepthReduction.csd - Demonstration of a method that creates the effect of bit depth reduction on an audio signal. Uses the sound files 808loopmono.wav and AndItsAll.wav
• FFT
  
  • pvoc.csd - Demonstration of the pvoc opcode. Uses the analysis files AndItsAll.pvx and 808loopMono.pvx.
  • pvadd.csd - Demonstration of the pvadd opcode. Uses the analysis files AndItsAll.pvx and 808loopMono.pvx.
  • 01pvsanal_pvsynth.csd - Performs simple analysis and resynthesis of an audio signal as an introduction to Csound's streaming pv opcodes. Uses the sound file AndItsAll.wav.
  • 02pvsfread.csd - Performs resynthesis of a PVOC-EX analysis file giving the user time pointer control. Uses the analysis file AndItsAll.pvx.
  • 03pvscale.csd - Demonstrates the opcode pvscale by performing frequency scaling on a streaming pv signal. Uses the analysis file AndItsAll.pvx.
  • 04pvshift.csd - Demonstrates the opcode pvshift by performing frequency shifting on a streaming pv signal. Uses the analysis file AndItsAll.pvx.
  • 05pvshift_pvscale.csd - Combines the opcodes pvscale and pvshift in series. Uses the analysis file AndItsAll.pvx.
  • 06pvsfreeze.csd - Demonstration of the pvsfreeze opcode which allows the user to freeze the frequency stream or the amplitude sream (or both) of a streaming pv signal. Uses the analysis file AndItsAll.pvx.
  • 07pvsblur.csd - Demonstration of the pvsblur opcode which performs averaging on frequency and amplitude streams to create a blurring effect on a pv stream. Uses the analysis file AndItsAll.pvx.
  • 08pvsmooth.csd - Demonstration of the pvsmooth opcode which performs smoothing on a pv stream. Smoothing can be applied independently on frequency and amplitude streams. Uses the analysis file AndItsAll.pvx.
  • 09pvsarp.csd - Demonstration of the pvsarp opcode which performs spectral arpeggiation on a pv stream. Uses the analysis file AndItsAll.pvx.
  • 10pvsvoc.csd - Demonstration of the pvsvoc opcode which combines the spectral envelope of one fsig with the excitation (frequencies) of another. The exitation signal, a simple synthesizer, can be played from a MIDI keyboard. Uses the analysis files AndItsAll.pvx. and 808loopmono.pvx.
  • 11pvscross.csd - Demonstration of the pvscross opcode which performs cross-synthesis between two pv streams. One of the streaming pv signals, a simple synthesizer, can be played from a MIDI keyboard. Uses the analysis files AndItsAll.pvx. and 808loopmono.pvx.
  • new! 12pvsbufread.csd - Demonstration of Victor Lazzarini's 'pvsbuffer' and 'pvsbufread' opcodes. Live audio is stored as fsig data in a continuous buffer. The buffer can be read from and subsequently transformed as any other fsig can. This example allows realtime timestretch/compression and pitch shifting, all with feedback.
• Filters
  
  • areson.csd - Demonstration of the areson band reject filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • atone.csd - Demonstration of the atone high pass filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • atonex.csd - Demonstration of the atonex high pass filter filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • bqrez.csd - Demonstration of the bqrez multi-mode filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • butterbp.csd - Demonstration of the butterbp band pass filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • butterbr.csd - Demonstration of the butterbr band reject filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • butterhp.csd - Demonstration of the butterhp high pass filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • butterlp.csd - Demonstration of the butterlp low pass filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • clfilt.csd - Demonstration of the clfilt multi-mode filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • lowpass2.csd - Demonstration of the lowpass2 low pass filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • lowres.csd - Demonstration of the lowres low pass filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • lowresx.csd - Demonstration of the lowresx low pass filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • lpf18.csd - Demonstration of the lpf18 low pass filter opcode.
  • moogladder.csd - Demonstration of the moogladder low pass filter opcode.
  • moogvcf.csd - Demonstration of the moogvcf low pass filter opcode.
  • reson.csd - Demonstration of the reson band pass filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • tbvcf.csd - Demonstration of the tbvcf low pass filter opcode.
  • tone.csd - Demonstration of the tone low pass filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • tonex.csd - Demonstration of the tonex low pass filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • vlowres.csd - Demonstration of the vlowres lowpass filter opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • pareq.csd - Demonstration of the pareq parametric equalization opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • statevar.csd - Demonstration of the statevar filter opcode which provides a digital emulation of an analogue state-variable filter. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • new! FormantFilter.csd - 5 reson filters are used to create a filtering effect that imitates the filtering effect of the human mouth expressing a range of vowel sounds. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
• FLTK
  
  • 01FLPanel.csd - Demonstration of how to create an FLTK panel.
  • 02FLSlider.csd - Demonstration of how to create an FLTK slider.
  • 03FLKnob.csd - Demonstration of how to create an FLTK knob.
  • 04FLRoller.csd - Demonstration of how to create an FLTK roller.
  • 05FLtext.csd - Demonstration of how to create a modifiable FLTK number field.
  • 06FLjoy.csd - Demonstration of how to create an FLTK X-Y joystick panel.
  • 07FLcount.csd - Demonstration of how to create an FLTK counter.
  • 08FLtabsFLgroup.csd - Demonstration of how to create an FLTK tabs. Also introduces the FLgroup and FLgroupEnd.
  • 09FLsetVal_i.csd - Demonstration of how to set the initial value of an FLTK valuator.
  • 10FLbutton.csd - Demonstration of how to create and use FLTK buttons.
  • 11FLbox.csd - Demonstration of how to create an FLTK text box.
  • 12FLscroll.csd - Demonstration of how to create FLTK scroll bars.
  • 13FLvalue.csd - Demonstration of how to create an FLTK value readout box.
  • 14FLsetColor.csd - Demonstration of how to colorize FLTK widgets.
  • MIDI&FLTK_Combined.csd - Demonstration of how to simultaneously use implement FLTK and MIDI control of the same parameter.
  • RandomMovingSlider.csd - An automated FLTK slider is driven by random functions.
  • new! RandomMovingXY.csd - An automated FLTK XY Panel is driven by random functions.
  • SliderMultiVariable.csd - A single slider outputs 3 simultaneous different ranges.
  • SliderNonLinear.csd - An FLTK slider's output is rescaled to provide an irregularly moving output.
  • new! SlidersHorizontal.csd - A look at the different horizontal sliders on offer.
  • new! SlidersVertical.csd - A look at the different vertical sliders on offer.
  • new! Snapshots.csd - A demonstration of how to implement FLTK snapshots.
• Frequency Modulation (FM) Synthesis, Phase Modulation (PM) Synthesis, Ring Modulation and Amplitude Modulation
  
  • 01FMSynthesisVibratoToSideBands.csd - Demonstration of how FM synthesis sidebands emerge from an implementation of vibrato upon a sine wave.
  • 02SimpleModulatorCarrier.csd - Simple implementation of an FM synthesis carrier-modulator pair.
  • 03ModulatorCarrier.csd - A more refined implementation of an FM synthesis carrier-modulator pair that introduces the typical parameters of FM synthesis.
  • 04ModulatorCarrierWithEnvelopes.csd - An FM synthesis carrier-modulator pair with user definable envlopes on FM index and carrier amplitude. MIDI controllable.
  • 05_2xModulatorCarrierWithEnvelopes.zip - An implementation of a two modulators and a single carrier FM algorithm. MIDI controllable. Includes a file of snapshots.
  • new! 06FMModModCar.csd - An implementation of a modulator modulating another modulator which in turn modulates a carrier.
  • new! 07FMModModCarEnvelopes.csd - An implementation of a modulator modulating another modulator which in turn modulates a carrier with envelopes.
  • new! 08FM2ModCar.csd - An implementation of a 2 parallel modulators modulating the same carrier.
  • new! 09FM3ModCar.csd - An implementation of a 3 parallel modulators modulating the same carrier.
  • new! 10FMMod2Car.csd - An implementation of a single modulator modulating two independent carriers.
  • new! 11FMModCarModCar.csd - An implementation of two parallel modulator-carrier pairs.
  • new! 12PhaseModulationSynthesisCf.csd - Phase Modulation Synthesis: a single oscillator with a phase modulation feedback loop.
  • new! 13PhaseModulationSynthesisMfC.csd - Phase Modulation Synthesis: a modulator-carrier pair with a feedback loop around the modulator.
  • new! 14PhaseModulationSynthesisMCf.csd - Phase Modulation Synthesis: a modulator-carrier pair with a feedback loop around the pairing.
  • new! RingModulationAmplitudeModulation.csd - Demonstration of the techniques of amplitude modulation and ring modulation to produce sidebands. Uses the sound files 808loop.wav and Songpan.wav
• Granular Synthesis
  
  • fof.csd - Simple demonstration of the fof opcode.
  • fofx6.csd - Full demonstration of the fof opcode used to imitate the vocal vowel sounds of various voices. MIDI controllable.
  • fog.csd - Demonstration of the fog opcode. Uses the sound file AndItsAll.wav.
  • grain3.csd - Demonstration of the grain3 opcode. Uses the sound file AndItsAll.wav.
  • granule.csd - Demonstration of the granule opcode. Uses the sound file AndItsAll.wav.
  • sndwarp.csd - Demonstration of the sndwarp opcode. Uses the sound file AndItsAll.wav.
  • syncgrain.csd - Demonstration of the syncgrain opcode. Uses the sound file AndItsAll.wav.
  • fof.csd - Demonstration of the fof opcode. Uses the sound files AndItsAll.wav and 808loop.wav.
  • new! MorphingPresets.zip - Morphing between four user definable presets using an FLTK XY panel. This example uses the 'grain3' opcode. Not fully documented yet! Uses the sound file AndItsAll.wav
• Live Audio Input and Processing
  
  • 01ins.csd - Introduction of the ins opcode used to read the computer's live audio input.
  • 02meters.csd - Adds amplitude meters, amplitude value readouts, independent channel gain controls and independent channel panning controls to the previous example.
  • 03follow2gate.csd - Uses the follow2 opcode to implement a simple amplitude gating effect.
  • follow2.csd - Uses the follow2 opcode to implement envelope following filter effect using also the moogladder resonant low pass filter. Uses either the live input or the sound file loop.wav.
  • pitch.csd - Demonstration of the pitch opcode which is used for pitch and amplitude following.
  • pitchamdf.csd - Demonstration of the pitchamdf opcode which is used for pitch and amplitude following.
  • MIDIKeyboardControlledPitchShifter.csd - A live input pitch shifter effect which dynamically adds transposing voices depending upon notes played on a connected MIDI keyboard.
• MIDI Input and MIDI Synthesizer Designs
  
  • 01MIDIInstrActivate.csd - Basic demonstration of Csound instrument activation via MIDI.
  • 02MIDIReadPitchAndVelocity.csd - Demonstration of reading pitch and key velocity into a Csound instrument from a MIDI keyboard using the cpsmidi and ampmidi opcodes.
  • 03MIDILinsegrEnvelope.csd - Demonstration of how to design an envelope with a MIDI controlled release stage using the linsegr opcode.
  • 04MIDIController.csd - Demonstration of how to read data from a MIDI continuous controller using the ctrl7 opcode.
  • 05MIDIControllerInitialisation.csd - Demonstration of how to give a MIDI controller derived variable in Csound an initial value.
  • 06MIDIOneControllerTwoOutputs.csd - Multiple instances of ctrl7 creates two independent variables in Csound.
  • 07MIDIRescaledController.csd - A MIDI controller's output is rescaled within a Csound to produce a non-linear response to fader movement.
  • 08MIDIPitchBend.csd - Demonstration of how to read MIDI pitch bend information into Csound using the pchbend opcode and implement it as pitch bend in a Csound synthesizer.
  • 09PitchBendDiskin1.csd - Pitch bend is implemented in the playback of a sound file using diskin. Uses the sound files 808loopMono.wav. and AndItsAll.wav.
  • 10PitchBendDiskin2.csd - Another method of using pitch bend in the playback of a sound file using diskin. Uses the sound files 808loopMono.wav. and AndItsAll.wav.
  • 11cpstmid.csd - Demonstration of the cpstmid opcode which allows the user to define alternative tuning systems triggerable via MIDI.
  • BasicMonophonicSynth.csd - Demonstration of how to design a basic monophonic MIDI controlled synthesizer with portamento and legato and non-legato envelopes.
  • MonophonicSynth.csd - A more elaborate monophonic MIDI controlled synthesizer with a multi-mode oscillator, filter, pitch and amplitude envelopes, an LFO and a ping-pong delay.
  • PolyphonicSynth.csd - A polyphonic version of the above synthesizer.
  • new! LiveQuantize.csd - A demonstration of how to quantize an incoming MIDI stream in realtime along with a sounding metronome.
  • new! MIDITapTempo.csd - Note taps on a MIDI keyboard are interpretted as a tempo and applied to a delay effect.
  • new! MonoOverlaps.csd - Demonstration how to design a monophonic MIDI instrument that allows note releases to overlap with the next note. This could be used to prevent clicks. This technique could be equally applicable to non-MIDI instruments when using realtime score generation.
• Sound Generators
  
  • buzz.csd - Demonstration of the buzz opcode.
  • gbuzz.csd - Demonstration of the gbuzz opcode.
  • vco.csd - Demonstration of the vco opcode.
  • vco_with_PWM_LFO_and_LPF.csd - Demonstration of the vco opcode with the addition of a pulse width modulation LFO and a moogvcf resonant low pass filter.
  • WhiteNoisePinkNoise.csd - Demonstration of the noise and pinkish opcodes, using to generate white and pink noise respectively.
• Physical Models
  
  • bamboo.csd - Demonstration of the bamboo opcode. A physical model of a bamboo shaker.
  • dripwater.csd - Demonstration of the dripwater opcode. A physical model of a drip of water.
  • guiro.csd - Demonstration of the guiro opcode. A physical model of a guiro.
  • sekere.csd - Demonstration of the sekere opcode. A physical model of a sekere shaker.
  • sleighbells.csd - Demonstration of the sleighbells opcode. A physical model of a sleighbells instrument.
  • tambourine.csd - Demonstration of the tambourine opcode. A physical model of a tambourine.
  • wgbow.csd - Demonstration of the wgbow opcode. A physical model of a bowed string.
  • wgbowedbar.csd - Demonstration of the wgbowedbar opcode. A physical model of a bowed bar.
  • wgclar.csd - Demonstration of the wgclar opcode. A physical model of a clarinet.
  • wgflute.csd - Demonstration of the wgflute opcode. A physical model of a flute.
  • wgpluck2.csd - Demonstration of the wgpluck2 opcode. A physical model of a plucked string using the Karpluss-Strong algorithm.
  • pluck.csd - Demonstration of the pluck opcode. A physical model of a plucked string using the Karpluss-Strong algorithm.
  • new! PrePiano.csd - A physical model of a 'Cagian' prepared piano. Original model written by Stefan Bilbao.
• Reverbs
  
  • babo.csd - Demonstration of the babo 'ball in a box' reverb opcode. Uses the sound file 808loop.wav.
  • freeverb.csd - Demonstration of the freeverb reverb opcode. Uses the sound file 808loop.wav.
  • nreverb.csd - Demonstration of the nreverb reverb opcode. Uses the sound file 808loop.wav.
  • reverb.csd - Demonstration of the reverb reverb opcode. Uses the sound file 808loop.wav.
  • screverb.csd - Demonstration of the screverb reverb opcode. Uses the sound file 808loop.wav.
  • comb.csd - Demonstration of the comb opcode - a basic comb filter audio processor. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • vcomb.csd - Demonstration of the vcomb opcode - a comb filter audio processor with realtime variable loop time. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
• Sound File Playback
  
  • flooper2.csd - Demonstration of the flooper2 looping sound file playback opcode. Uses the sound files AndItsAll.wav and 808loop.wav.
  • loscil_loscil3.csd - Demonstration of the loscil and loscil3 opcodes - Csound's sampling building blocks. Both opcodes include sustain and release loops. Uses the sound files 808loopMono.wav. and AndItsAll.wav.
  • table_tablei_table3.csd - Demonstration of the table, tablei and table3 opcodes, used to read stored samples. These opcodes are slightly more awkward to use than loscil but utimately offer greater flexibility. Loop start and end points are modifiable in realtime. Uses the sound files 808loopMono.wav. and AndItsAll.wav.
  • bbcut.csd - Demonstration of the bbcut opcode which performs break beat style cut-ups on an audio stream or drum loop. Uses the sound file loop.wav.
• Waveguides
  
  • streson.csd - Demonstration of the streson opcode which filters an audio stream through a string resonator model. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav
  • wguide1.csd - Demonstration of the wguide1 opcode which filters an audio stream through a simple delay and lowpass filter algorithm. Similar to streson and the effect of comb filtering. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav
• Specialized Filters
  
  • Phaser1.csd - Demonstration of the phaser1 complex filtering opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
  • Phaser2.csd - Demonstration of the phaser2 complex filtering opcode. Uses the sound file Seashore.wav.
• Miscellaneous
  
  • fout.csd - Demonstration of how to use the fout opcode to simultaneously monitor and record the output of a realtime Csound session.
  • waveset.csd - Demonstration of the waveset opcode which performs timestretching on streaming audio signals by repeating wavelets. Uses the sound files 808loopmono.wav. and AndItsAll.wav.
  • DistanceEmulator.csd - An FLTK slider controls multiple parameters to create a more complexing morphing of the sound. This example emulates a sound receding into the distance. Uses the sound files Songpan.wav.
  • new! date_dates.csd - Opcodes that output the date since 1st January, 1970.
  • new! timeinsts.csd - An opcode that reports the time elapsed since an instrument was called.
  • new! rtclock.csd - An opcode that reports the time elapsed since the beginning of the current Csound performance.
  • new! ftsave_ftload.csd - FLTK slider data is stored to function tables and also as a file on disk using the 'ftsave' and 'ftload' opcodes. This presents an alternative and possibly more powerful method of storing FLTK presets.
  • new! pan2.csd - Demonstration of the 'pan2' opcode.
  • new! DbToAmp.csd - Conversion between 'amplitude' and 'decibel' formats for sound intensity. The user can observe and investigate both the numerical and the acoustical relationship between the two formats.
  • new! Theremin.csd - An FLTK 'theremin'.
• Live Sampling
  
  • new! TableRecBasic.csd - This example records live audio to a function table which can then be played back either once or as a loop. Playback speed can be modulated as can the start and end points.
  • new! MultiTableRec.csd - Six independent function tables can be recorded to and played back from with speed control.
  • new! DynamicTriggeredRecord.csd - Recording is automatically triggered whenever the dynamics of the input signal crosses a defined threshold. Recording stops when the dynamics drops below another threshold. Playback can be automatic once recording has completed as can the record ready function.
  • new! DiskRecAndPlayback.csd - Recording and playback from disk. This method is suited to situations where recording of long pieces of audio is required.
• Realtime Score Generation
  
  • SimpleSchedkwhenNoteGenerator.csd - Demonstration of the schedkwhen opcode which, in this example, is used to generate streams of algorithmically defined note events which are fed to another instrument within Csound.
  • new! DrunkWalk.csd - Demonstration of the 'Drunk Walk'. A popular method of data generation in algorithmic composition.
  • new! timedseq.zip - Demonstration of how to play back stored sequences of notes using the 'timedseq' opcode.
  • new! SimpleDrumSequencer.csd - A simple loop drum sequencer.
  • new! DrumSequencerVariableLength.csd - A looping drum sequencer with loops of different, metrically related, length.
  • new! NoteClusters.csd - Generates aleatoric clusters of notes. The number of notes in each cluster can be defined by the user in realtime. This example also serves to demonstrate looping constructions in Csound code.

All additional required materials (sound files, analysis files etc.): SourceMaterials.zip

Last update 04/06/08

Please report errors and comments to i_mccurdy@hotmail.com